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Spanish Filipino
Flag of Spain Flag of the Philippines
Paulino AlcántaraEnrique Iglesias
Notable Spanish Filipinos:
Paulino Alcántara, and Enrique Iglesias.
Total population

Official population numbers are unknown.
Regions with significant populations
Philippines, and Spain.
Languages
Spanish, Filipino, other Philippine languages, and English.
Religion
Christianity (Predominantly Roman Catholic, with a minority of Protestants)
Related ethnic groups
Other Filipino people, and Spanish people.

Spanish settlement in the Philippines first took place in the late 16th century, during the Spanish colonial period of the islands. The conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi founded the first Spanish settlement in Cebu in 1565, and later established Manila as the capital of the Philippine province in 1571. The Philippines is named after King Philip II of Spain, and it became a territory of the Viceroyalty of New Spain which was governed from Mexico City until the early 19th century, when Mexico obtained independence. From the 1820's, the archipelago was ruled directly from Madrid, Spain.

Spaniards are referred by Filipinos as 'Kastila' (Castilian) named after the former Kingdom of Castile, now a region of Spain. The majority of the Filipinos of Spanish descent are of Andalusian origin, while a minority are Catalan or Basque descents. Another term 'Hispano-Filipinos' indicates they are of both ethnic, and cultural Spanish origin.

Contents

Ancestry

Filipino mestizos of Spanish ancestry

The Spanish conquest between 1521 to 1565, prompted the colonization of the Philippine Islands that lasted for more than 377 years. As with most of the Spanish colonies, marriage to indigenous Filipino women and Spanish men was encouraged. The offspring of Spanish men and indigenous Filipino women may have adopted the culture of their fathers and grand parents, however only a few mixed race families in the Philippines still speak Spanish among themselves.

The percentage of Filipinos with Spanish ancestry is possibly less than 1% to 2% of the Philippine population. The Visayan people are known to have the highest percentage of mestizos. However only those Filipinos who possess a clear mixed-race appearance are considered by most as actual mestizos, although even a native looking Filipino, including those with fairer skin, could also have some Spanish ancestry. In the same way, mestizos who are less Spanish looking and possess darker-complexioned skin could be considered more as an 'native Filipino' than as an actual mestizo.

The Philippine Statistics Department does not account for the racial background or ancestry of an indivdual. The number of Filipino mestizos that reside outside the Philippines is also unknown, because of the social perception that a person has to look a certain way in order to be considered Mestizo, and also because of the historical stigma associated with having Spanish blood from affairs with local women (las queridas), many mestizos may not be considered as such. These factors have urged some Spanish-Filipino mestizos to hide their Spanish ancestry to avoid the social negative stereo-type stigma by the predominantly indigenous population. It was usually only the offspring of recognized marriages between Spaniards, and indigenous Filipino women that were given general recognition as mestizos.

Migration of Filipino-Spanish Mestizos

With the destruction of Intramuros during World War II a portion of Filipinos of Spanish ancestry living in that district of Manila migrated to Spain, Latin America, Australia, or the United States. Much of this migration was forceful, as hundreds of homes of Hispanic Filipino families were destroyed during the war. Others migrated during the Marcos regime.

Spanish Filipinos for the most part are found in both the upper, and upper middle socio-economic classes, with a relatively small percentage found among the lower socio-economic classes. Some are active in politics, commerce and industry, entertainment, and professional sports.

Language and culture

Some Filipinos of Spanish descent speak their respective regional languages. They also use English in the public sphere, as well as Filipino, other Philippine languages, or Spanish.

Some Spanish Filipinos can still speak Spanish but not as their first language. Though a minority of the Philippines speaks Spanish most Filipinos of Spanish families particularly those of older generations, and recent immigrants, have preserved Spanish as a spoken compulsive language. in addition, Chavacano (a creole language based largely on Spanish vocabulary) is widely spoken in the southern Philippines, and forms one of the majority languages of Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga del Norte. It is also spoken in some parts of northern Philippines.

Notable Filipinos of Spanish ancestry

See also

External links


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Retrieved from 'http://en.wikipedia.org/Spanish_settlement_in_the_Philippines'

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